We assist companies in designing robust, flexible, and forward-looking equity structures to support governance efficiency and capital strategy across different stages of development. Our services span the full range of equity-related legal matters, including shareholder arrangements, capital increases, ownership transitions, control mechanisms, and cross-border structuring.

We advise on:

• Incorporation planning, capital contributions, and mechanisms for shareholder entry and exit;

• Drafting of shareholder agreements, articles of association, capital contribution agreements, nominee shareholding arrangements, and voting rights structures;

• Complex equity setups, such as cross-holdings, weighted voting rights, and multi-layered corporate structures;

• Structuring of domestic and offshore entities, including dual-layered entities, VIE arrangements, red-chip structures, and limited partnerships;

• Shareholder rights protection mechanisms, such as pre-emptive rights, co-sale rights, call and put options, tag-along and drag-along rights, and veto rights over major matters;

• Equity incentive planning, including employee shareholding platforms and compliance frameworks;

• Dispute resolution in shareholder conflicts, nominee arrangements, and protection of beneficial ownership;

• Tax impact analysis and compliance guidance relating to equity structuring.

Our approach is practical and holistic, ensuring that each equity arrangement not only meets business goals but also withstands legal, tax, and regulatory scrutiny across jurisdictions.